Overview

Self-harm is the act of intentionally hurting oneself as a way to cope with distressing emotions, traumatic experiences, or overwhelming situations. While cutting is one of the more commonly known forms, self-harm can also include burning, hitting, scratching, or other actions that cause physical pain. In some cases, behaviors such as alcohol or drug misuse, or disordered eating like bingeing or starving, may also be considered forms of self-harm when they are used as a way to manage emotional pain.

Rates of self-harm are significantly higher among individuals with mental health challenges such as depression, emotional dysregulation, or eating disorders. Adolescents and people who have experienced bullying are also more likely to engage in self-harming behaviors. In contrast, children and older adults tend to show lower rates.

Although self-harm is often not intended as a suicide attempt, it is associated with an increased risk of future suicidal behavior. It may provide short-term relief from emotional distress, but it does not address the root causes of the pain. This makes it especially important to understand, support, and guide individuals who are struggling with self-harm toward healthier coping strategies and professional help.

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